| Powder Spray Gun | Applies charged powder particles to grounded workpieces. | High-voltage generator, electrode, powder injector, nozzle and control unit. | Electrostatic charging is commonly used; voltage and powder output are adjustable according to the coating and workpiece. | Metal panels, frames, appliances, automotive parts and general industrial components. | Transfer efficiency, coating uniformity, voltage control, ergonomics and compatibility with the powder formulation. |
| Powder Feed Hopper | Stores and supplies powder to the spray system at a consistent rate. | Fluidizing plate, compressed-air inlet, suction tube and powder container. | Dry, clean compressed air fluidizes the powder so it can be conveyed evenly. | Manual coating stations, batch production and automatic spray lines. | Stable fluidization, easy cleaning, moisture control, container capacity and powder-change time. |
| Powder Coating Booth | Contains overspray and supports powder recovery during application. | Enclosure, extraction fan, filters or cyclone separator, lighting and recovery system. | Airflow must capture overspray without disturbing the powder pattern or workpiece. | Manual booths, automatic lines and color-change production environments. | Airflow balance, filtration efficiency, cleaning access, fire safety and recovery design. |
| Powder Recovery System | Collects usable overspray to reduce material waste. | Cyclone, cartridge filters, sieving unit, reclaim container and transfer equipment. | Recovery performance depends on particle size, airflow, filter condition and powder compatibility. | High-volume production using compatible colors and powder types. | Recovery ratio, contamination control, maintenance requirements and color-change procedures. |
| Curing Oven | Melts and cross-links the applied powder to form a durable coating film. | Insulated chamber, heating system, circulation fan, temperature controller and conveyor interface. | Many thermosetting powders require a metal temperature profile around 160–200°C, depending on the formulation. | Steel, aluminum and other heat-tolerant substrates. | Temperature uniformity, effective curing time, energy efficiency, chamber size and ventilation. |
| Conveyor System | Moves workpieces through pretreatment, coating and curing stages. | Drive unit, chain or belt, hangers, rails, supports and speed controller. | Line speed is selected to provide the required pretreatment and oven residence time. | Continuous production of regularly shaped or batch-loaded parts. | Load capacity, speed range, layout flexibility, hanger design and maintenance access. |
| Pretreatment System | Removes contaminants and improves coating adhesion and corrosion resistance. | Wash stages, spray nozzles, tanks, pumps, heaters, rinses and drying section. | Process chemistry, contact time, temperature and rinsing quality vary with substrate and coating specification. | Steel, galvanized steel, aluminum and other compatible substrates. | Required corrosion performance, water treatment, chemical control, footprint and wastewater management. |
| Automatic Reciprocator | Moves spray guns in a programmed pattern to improve coating consistency. | Vertical or horizontal drive, guide system, controller, gun mounts and position sensors. | Stroke length, movement speed and gun spacing are adjusted to workpiece geometry and line speed. | High-volume lines with repeatable part shapes and automated coating requirements. | Repeatability, stroke range, synchronization, programming flexibility and ease of cleaning. |