| 1 | Basic conductivity pen | Quick checks of drinking water, hydroponic nutrient solution, and other low-to-moderate conductivity samples. | Commonly about 0–2,000 or 0–10,000 µS/cm, depending on the model. | Automatic temperature compensation (ATC), replaceable batteries, and a clear display. | Check that its range covers your samples; a compact pen may not suit highly conductive solutions. |
| 2 | Pocket EC meter | Routine checks in hydroponics, aquariums, and general water testing. | Often spans several µS/cm to around 20 mS/cm. | One- or two-point calibration, temperature display, and a replaceable or cleanable probe. | Choose a model with calibration standards that bracket the values you measure most often. |
| 3 | High-range pocket meter | Concentrated nutrient solutions, brackish water, and other samples above the range of basic pens. | Some models measure to about 100 mS/cm; the upper limit varies. | Automatic range selection, a stated upper limit, and a probe suitable for concentrated samples. | Confirm the meter can measure the expected maximum without displaying an over-range error. |
| 4 | Water-resistant handheld meter | Field work, outdoor sampling, and regular testing around wet work areas. | Commonly covers low conductivity through tens or hundreds of mS/cm, depending on probe and model. | Documented ingress-protection rating, backlit display, and a rugged, replaceable probe. | Look for a published protection rating; “water-resistant” alone does not specify immersion limits. |
| 5 | Laboratory benchtop meter | Repeatable measurements in research, education, and quality-control laboratories. | Ranges vary widely; some instruments cover from low µS/cm values to 2,000 mS/cm with suitable probes. | Multi-point calibration, data storage or export, temperature probe input, and replaceable electrodes. | Match the cell constant and probe to the sample range; one probe may not perform well across every range. |
| 6 | Low-conductivity water meter | Deionized, distilled, or purified water, where readings are especially sensitive to contamination. | Designed for very low values, often in the sub-µS/cm to hundreds-of-µS/cm region. | Low-range resolution, a suitable low-conductivity cell, and a temperature sensor. | Use clean containers and the recommended measurement procedure; exposure to air and residues can change readings. |
| 7 | EC/TDS combination meter | Users who want conductivity readings and an estimated total dissolved solids (TDS) display. | EC ranges commonly extend from low µS/cm to several thousand µS/cm or more. | Selectable TDS conversion factor, ATC, and clear indication of whether the display is showing EC or TDS. | TDS is generally calculated from conductivity using a conversion factor; it is not a direct measurement of all dissolved substances. |
| 8 | Conductivity-based salinity meter | Salinity checks in aquaculture, marine studies, and brackish-water monitoring. | Range depends on the instrument and scale; many are designed for freshwater through seawater conditions. | Salinity mode, temperature compensation, and a probe rated for the intended sample conditions. | Check which salinity scale or calculation the meter uses; different methods and sample conditions can yield different results. |
| 9 | Inline process conductivity system | Continuous monitoring in water treatment, manufacturing, and process lines. | Selected to match the process; available systems cover low conductivity through highly conductive liquids. | Compatible sensor and transmitter, suitable process connections, and output options such as 4–20 mA where needed. | Check chemical compatibility, operating temperature and pressure, installation requirements, and calibration procedure. |
| 10 | Soil or substrate EC meter | Comparing salinity or nutrient-related conductivity in soil and growing media. | Often displayed in mS/cm or dS/m; range and method depend on the probe and measurement approach. | Purpose-designed probe, selectable soil or solution mode, and clear instructions for sampling. | Readings depend on moisture, temperature, and the measurement method; compare samples using the same procedure. |